Digitalisasi Manajemen SDM untuk Kesehatan Mental Tenaga Kesehatan: Tinjauan Literatur tentang Aplikasi Teknologi dalam Mitigasi Risiko Psikososial melalui Staffing, Kompetensi, dan Retensi

Freddrika Putri; Eliyanti Agus Mokodompit

doi:10.31004/riggs.v4i4.4340

Authors

Freddrika Putri Universitas Karya Persada Muna
Eliyanti Agus Mokodompit Universitas Halu Oleo

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31004/riggs.v4i4.4340

Keywords:

Digitalisasi, Manajemen SDM, Kesehatan Mental Tenaga Kesehatan, Risiko Psikososial, Staffing, Ketahanan Mental

Abstract

Kesehatan mental tenaga kesehatan telah muncul sebagai krisis global yang mendesak, diperparah oleh tuntutan kerja tinggi dan diperkuat dampak pandemi COVID-19. Risiko psikososial seperti kelelahan emosional (burnout), kecemasan, dan depresi mengancam kesejahteraan individu, kualitas layanan, keselamatan pasien, dan keberlanjutan sistem kesehatan. Tinjauan literatur sistematis ini bertujuan menganalisis bukti ilmiah terkini mengenai penerapan teknologi digital dalam manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia (SDM) untuk mitigasi risiko psikososial melalui tiga pilar fungsional: staffing, kompetensi, dan retensi. Mengikuti protokol PRISMA, pencarian dilakukan di Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, dan PsycINFO untuk publikasi tahun 2018–2023. Hasil sintesis dari 42 studi menunjukkan transformasi manajemen SDM dari pendekatan administratif-reaktif menjadi sistem berbasis data yang proaktif. Algoritma prediktif dan aplikasi self-scheduling meningkatkan keadilan dan kontrol penjadwalan, mengurangi dimensi burnout. Platform e-learning dan aplikasi seluler adaptif memfasilitasi pengembangan kompetensi ketahanan mental dengan akses personal dan fleksibel. Sistem analitik prediktif memungkinkan identifikasi dini individu berisiko burnout dan turnover, membuka jalan bagi intervensi dukungan tepat sasaran. Temuan kunci menegaskan sentralitas data berkualitas dan prinsip desain berpusat-manusia sebagai fondasi keberhasilan. Namun, implementasi menghadapi tantangan etika data, kekhawatiran pengawasan (surveillance), dan kebutuhan tata kelola transparan. Disimpulkan bahwa teknologi digital berpotensi strategis menjadikan fungsi SDM sebagai infrastruktur pendukung kesejahteraan integral. Realisasi potensi ini memerlukan kepemimpinan organisasional berkomitmen pada perubahan budaya, kerangka etika kuat untuk melindungi privasi dan otonomi tenaga kesehatan, serta pendekatan desain partisipatif yang melibatkan pengguna akhir.

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