Menavigasi Empat Pasar Pelayaran Melalui Analisis Peran Strategis dalam Industri Maritim Modern

Nirmalasari N.; Eliyanti Agus Mokodompit

doi:10.31004/riggs.v4i4.3967

Authors

Nirmalasari N. Universitas Halu Oleo
Eliyanti Agus Mokodompit Universitas Halu Oleo

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31004/riggs.v4i4.3967

Keywords:

Dinamika pasar pengiriman, Freight market, Newbuilding market, Sale and purchase market, Demolition market, Digitalisasi pelayaran, Kebijakan maritim.

Abstract

Industri pelayaran global berperan vital dalam mendukung perdagangan internasional dan rantai pasok dunia, dengan lebih dari 80–90% volume barang diperdagangkan melalui laut. Dinamika industri ini sangat ditentukan oleh interaksi empat pasar utama pasar angkutan (freight market), pasar kapal baru (newbuilding market), pasar kapal bekas (sale and purchase market), dan pasar pembongkaran (demolition market). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji peran dan keterkaitan antar pasar tersebut melalui pendekatan systematic literature review terhadap berbagai jurnal internasional terindeks Scopus. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa pasar angkutan dan pasar jual-beli kapal merupakan sektor paling dinamis dengan volatilitas tinggi, sementara pasar kapal baru dan pembongkaran berfungsi sebagai penyeimbang kapasitas global. Faktor eksternal seperti guncangan ekonomi makro, pandemi, dan kebijakan lingkungan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap siklus industri pelayaran. Respons industri mencakup digitalisasi rantai pasok, inovasi teknologi, serta penerapan kebijakan hijau untuk menjaga daya saing dan keberlanjutan. Secara keseluruhan, pemahaman komprehensif atas dinamika empat pasar pengiriman menjadi kunci bagi pengambilan keputusan strategis, mitigasi risiko, dan perumusan kebijakan maritim yang adaptif di era globalisasi dan transisi energi.

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