Persepsi Mahasiswa tentang Trade-Off Antara Efisiensi Alokasi dan Pemerataan Akses dalam Subsidi Pendidikan

Najwa Adelia Siregar; Elisabet Banjarnahor; Lentiona Ropika Siallagan; Munadya Salsa bila Lubis; Rini Siregar

doi:10.31004/riggs.v4i4.3792

Authors

Najwa Adelia Siregar Universitas Negeri Medan
Elisabet Banjarnahor Universitas Negeri Medan
Lentiona Ropika Siallagan Universitas Negeri Medan
Munadya Salsa bila Lubis Universitas Negeri Medan
Rini Siregar Universitas Negeri Medan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31004/riggs.v4i4.3792

Keywords:

Subsidi Pendidikan Tinggi, Efisiensi Alokasi Sumber Daya, Kesetaraan Akses Pendidikan, Perspektif Mahasiswa, Kebijakan Publik Pendidikan, Dilema Trade-Off Kebijakan

Abstract

Dinamika kebijakan subsidi pendidikan tinggi di Indonesia menghadirkan kompleksitas tersendiri dalam upaya menyeimbangkan dua kepentingan fundamental: menciptakan sistem alokasi yang efisien sekaligus menjamin kesetaraan peluang bagi seluruh lapisan masyarakat. Penelitian ini menggali perspektif mahasiswa sebagai pemangku kepentingan langsung terhadap dilema kebijakan tersebut melalui pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif yang melibatkan 100 responden mahasiswa aktif dari berbagai jenjang semester. Temuan mengungkapkan bahwa sebagian besar mahasiswa memiliki pemahaman memadai tentang esensi subsidi sebagai instrumen redistributif untuk membuka akses pendidikan bagi kelompok ekonomi rentan. Menariknya, preferensi mahasiswa cenderung inklusif dimana tujuh dari sepuluh responden menghendaki penerapan kriteria ganda yang mengombinasikan pertimbangan kondisi ekonomi keluarga dengan pencapaian akademik, menunjukkan keinginan untuk mengintegrasikan dimensi keadilan dan produktivitas dalam satu kerangka kebijakan. Namun demikian, evaluasi terhadap praktik implementasi menampilkan gambaran yang kurang menggembirakan dengan hampir separuh responden menilai distribusi subsidi belum menjangkau secara merata dan mayoritas mengidentifikasi adanya ketidaktepatan sasaran penyaluran. Ketika dihadapkan pada pilihan antara efisiensi dan pemerataan, responden menunjukkan pandangan yang terfragmentasi dengan porsi hampir seimbang antara yang memprioritaskan efisiensi, pemerataan, atau menganggap keduanya sama krusial. Studi ini merekomendasikan penyempurnaan arsitektur kebijakan melalui modernisasi sistem penargetan berbasis integrasi data digital, penguatan prosedur verifikasi kelayakan, serta peningkatan transparansi dan akuntabilitas untuk mewujudkan subsidi pendidikan yang lebih adil dan produktif.

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