Analisis Spatiotemporal Penyerapan Karbon Biru pada Aspek Kerapatan Hutan Mangrove di Teluk Kendari (2001-2023) dan (2025) Menggunakan Platform Google Earth Engine

Asramid Yasin

doi:10.31004/riggs.v4i3.2801

Authors

Asramid Yasin Universitas Halu Oleo

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31004/riggs.v4i3.2801

Keywords:

Karbon Biru, Mangrove, Kerapatan Vegetasi, NDVI, Google Earth Engine, Teluk Kendari, Serapan Karbon

Abstract

Perubahan iklim global yang dipicu oleh peningkatan konsentrasi gas rumah kaca menuntut upaya mitigasi, salah satunya melalui peningkatan penyerapan karbon oleh ekosistem blue carbon seperti mangrove. Hutan mangrove dikenal sebagai penyimpan karbon yang sangat efisien, dengan efektivitas yang bergantung pada tingkat kerapatan vegetasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) mengidentifikasi dan memetakan sebaran hutan mangrove di Teluk Kendari periode 2025 (1 Januari–1 September 2025), (2) mengidentifikasi serta memetakan kelas kerapatan hutan mangrove berbasis NDVI untuk periode yang sama, (3) menghitung nilai serapan karbon mangrove berdasarkan kelas kerapatan periode 2001–2023, dan (4) menghitung nilai serapan karbon untuk periode 1 Januari–1 Agustus 2025. Metode penelitian menggunakan platform Google Earth Engine (GEE) untuk mengolah citra satelit Sentinel-2A dan MODIS. Kerapatan mangrove diklasifikasikan ke dalam tiga kelas (rendah, sedang, tinggi) menggunakan indeks NDVI, kemudian dikorelasikan dengan data produktivitas karbon (NPP dan GPP). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan total estimasi serapan karbon periode 2001–2023 sebesar 26.207 ton C, dengan kontribusi terbesar dari kelas kerapatan tinggi (20.083 ton C). Untuk periode Januari–Agustus 2025, estimasi serapan karbon mencapai 635,3 ton C. Analisis memperlihatkan korelasi positif yang kuat antara kerapatan mangrove dan kemampuan penyerapan karbon, dengan fluktuasi harian dipengaruhi oleh faktor lingkungan seperti intensitas cahaya, suhu, dan kelembaban. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa GEE efektif untuk pemantauan jangka panjang, serta konservasi mangrove berkerapatan tinggi di Teluk Kendari sangat penting bagi strategi mitigasi perubahan iklim dan pencapaian target NDC Indonesia.

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