Efektivitas Promosi Kesehatan Berbasis Media Digital dalam Pencegahan Infeksi Menular Seksual (IMS) pada Remaja dan Dewasa Muda: Literature Review

Elna Sari; Fatmawati M Saing; Rasniah Sarumi; Albert Albert; Wa Sina; Minarti Male

doi:10.31004/riggs.v5i1.6872

Authors

Elna Sari Universitas Karya Persada Muna
Fatmawati M Saing Universitas Karya Persada Muna
Rasniah Sarumi Universitas Karya Persada Muna
Albert Albert Universitas Karya Persada Muna
Wa Sina Universitas Karya Persada Muna
Minarti Male Universitas Karya Persada Muna

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31004/riggs.v5i1.6872

Keywords:

Promosi Kesehatan Digital, Infeksi Menular Seksual, Remaja, Dewasa Muda, Intervensi Berbasis Teknologi

Abstract

Infeksi Menular Seksual (IMS) masih menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang signifikan, terutama pada kelompok remaja dan dewasa muda yang memiliki kerentanan tinggi akibat perilaku seksual berisiko, rendahnya literasi kesehatan seksual, serta hambatan akses layanan. Perkembangan teknologi digital membuka peluang baru dalam strategi promosi kesehatan melalui media sosial, aplikasi kesehatan (mHealth), website edukatif, dan layanan konseling daring. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis efektivitas promosi kesehatan berbasis media digital dalam pencegahan IMS pada remaja dan dewasa muda melalui pendekatan literature review. Metode yang digunakan adalah systematic literature review dengan mengacu pada pedoman PRISMA, melalui pencarian artikel pada database ilmiah seperti PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, dan Google Scholar dalam rentang 10–15 tahun terakhir. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa intervensi digital secara signifikan meningkatkan pengetahuan, sikap positif terhadap perilaku seks aman, self-efficacy, serta niat dan penggunaan kondom. Intervensi yang berbasis teori perilaku seperti Health Belief Model (HBM), Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), Social Cognitive Theory (SCT), Information–Motivation–Behavioral Skills Model (IMB), dan COM-B cenderung lebih efektif dibandingkan intervensi tanpa dasar teoretis. Media digital juga mampu mengurangi hambatan psikologis seperti stigma melalui anonimitas dan akses fleksibel. Namun, bukti mengenai dampak langsung terhadap penurunan angka kejadian IMS masih terbatas dan memerlukan penelitian longitudinal lebih lanjut. Disimpulkan bahwa promosi kesehatan berbasis media digital merupakan strategi inovatif dan potensial dalam pencegahan IMS pada remaja dan dewasa muda, terutama jika dirancang secara interaktif, berbasis teori, serta terintegrasi dengan layanan kesehatan yang tersedia.

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