Dinamika Stres Organisasi Tinjauan Literatur dan Implikasi Manajerial

Soleh Gunawan; Muhammad Hamdi; Dana Budiman

doi:10.31004/riggs.v5i1.6247

Authors

Soleh Gunawan Universitas Nusa Putra
Muhammad Hamdi Universitas Nusa Putra
Dana Budiman Universitas Nusa Putra

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31004/riggs.v5i1.6247

Keywords:

Stres Organisasi, Dinamika Stres, Implikasi Manajerial

Abstract

Stres organisasi semakin menjadi perhatian dalam kajian manajemen seiring meningkatnya kompleksitas lingkungan kerja, percepatan perubahan teknologi, serta tuntutan kinerja yang berlapis. Berbeda dari pendekatan yang memandang stres sebagai persoalan individual, artikel ini memposisikan stres sebagai fenomena organisasi yang tertanam dalam desain kerja, struktur, dan praktik manajerial. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meninjau dan mensintesis literatur terkait dinamika stres organisasi serta menarik implikasi manajerial yang relevan. Metode yang digunakan adalah systematic literature review terhadap 27 artikel jurnal terindeks Scopus yang dipublikasikan pada periode 2021–2025. Proses seleksi artikel mengikuti prinsip PRISMA, dengan analisis dilakukan melalui thematic synthesis untuk mengidentifikasi pola stresor, mekanisme dinamika, dan dampaknya. Hasil tinjauan menunjukkan bahwa stres organisasi dipicu oleh kombinasi faktor struktural dan relasional, seperti beban kerja berlebih, konflik dan ketidakjelasan peran, kualitas kepemimpinan, budaya kerja, ketidakpastian perubahan, serta tekanan digitalisasi. Dinamika stres berkembang melalui mekanisme akumulasi tuntutan, deplesi sumber daya, dan penyebaran tekanan dalam tim, yang dapat mengubah stres episodik menjadi kronis. Dampaknya terlihat pada penurunan wellbeing, keterlibatan kerja, dan kinerja organisasi. Temuan ini menegaskan keterbatasan pendekatan penanganan stres yang berfokus pada individu semata. Artikel ini menyimpulkan bahwa pengelolaan stres organisasi memerlukan intervensi sistemik yang mencakup perbaikan desain kerja, penguatan dukungan manajerial, dan pengelolaan perubahan yang lebih sensitif terhadap kapasitas sumber daya manusia.

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