Evaluasi Strategi Retrofitting Seismik pada Bangunan Eksisting: Analisis Komparatif Sistem Isolasi Dasar dan Sistem Peredam pada Bangunan Bertingkat Menengah

Ifarrel Rachmanda Hariyanto; Kohar  Yudoprasetyo; Yosi Noviari Wibowo; Moh. Safi'i Mansur; Moh. Fadhlan Rosyidi; Irfan Fauzan

doi:10.31004/riggs.v5i1.6071

Authors

Ifarrel Rachmanda Hariyanto Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember
Kohar Yudoprasetyo Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember
Yosi Noviari Wibowo Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember
Moh. Safi'i Mansur Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember
Moh. Fadhlan Rosyidi Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember
Irfan Fauzan Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31004/riggs.v5i1.6071

Keywords:

Retrofitting Seismik, Isolasi Dasar, Sistem Peredam, Bangunan Bertingkat Menengah, Analisis Nonlinier

Abstract

Bangunan eksisting di wilayah rawan gempa memerlukan strategi retrofitting seismik yang efektif untuk meningkatkan ketahanan struktural. Penelitian ini melakukan evaluasi komparatif terhadap dua strategi retrofitting utama: sistem isolasi dasar (base isolation) dan sistem peredam (damping system) pada bangunan bertingkat menengah (8-12 lantai). Analisis dilakukan menggunakan metode elemen hingga nonlinier dengan pemodelan struktur beton bertulang yang mewakili bangunan tipikal di Indonesia. Tiga konfigurasi dianalisis: (1) struktur base-fix sebagai kontrol, (2) struktur dengan sistem isolasi dasar menggunakan High Damping Rubber Bearing (HDRB), dan (3) struktur dengan sistem peredam viscous damper. Pembebanan gempa menggunakan rekaman akselerogram gempa Sumatra Barat 2009 yang diskala sesuai respons spektrum desain SNI 1726:2019. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa sistem isolasi dasar mampu mengurangi gaya geser dasar hingga 75,7% dan percepatan lantai hingga 78,8%, namun menghasilkan perpindahan lateral yang lebih besar (300% dari base-fix). Sebaliknya, sistem peredam mengurangi gaya geser dasar sebesar 65,7% dengan perpindahan yang lebih terkontrol (100% peningkatan). Analisis biaya siklus hidup menunjukkan sistem peredam memiliki keunggulan ekonomis dengan total biaya 19% lebih rendah dibanding isolasi dasar. Studi ini merekomendasikan pemilihan strategi berdasarkan kriteria spesifik: isolasi dasar untuk perlindungan maksimal elemen non-struktural dan isi bangunan, sedangkan sistem peredam untuk efisiensi biaya dengan perlindungan struktural yang memadai.

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