Pengaruh Abu Sekam Padi terhadap Kuat Tekan, Porositas, Permeabilitas Beton Porous

Dimas Mujahid Alhaq; Arie Taveriyanto

doi:10.31004/riggs.v4i4.4342

Authors

Dimas Mujahid Alhaq Universitas Negeri Semarang
Arie Taveriyanto Universitas Negeri Semarang

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31004/riggs.v4i4.4342

Keywords:

Beton Porous, Abu Sekam Padi, Kuat Tekan, Porositas, Permeabilitas

Abstract

Beton porous merupakan material perkerasan ramah lingkungan yang memiliki struktur pori terbuka sehingga memungkinkan air mengalir melalui beton dan mengurangi limpasan permukaan, serta mendukung penerapan sistem drainase berkelanjutan. Namun, karakteristik porositas yang tinggi menyebabkan kuat tekan beton porous relatif lebih rendah dibandingkan beton konvensional, sehingga diperlukan inovasi material untuk meningkatkan kinerjanya. Salah satu alternatif yang berpotensi adalah pemanfaatan abu sekam padi (rice husk ash/RHA) sebagai bahan substitusi sebagian semen, mengingat kandungan silika amorfnya yang bersifat pozzolan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh variasi persentase RHA terhadap kuat tekan, porositas, dan permeabilitas beton porous. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah eksperimen laboratorium dengan variasi substitusi RHA sebesar 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, dan 20% dari berat semen. Benda uji berupa silinder berdiameter 15 cm dan tinggi 30 cm, yang diuji kuat tekan, porositas, dan permeabilitas pada umur pengujian tertentu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan RHA hingga kadar 15% mampu meningkatkan kuat tekan beton porous secara signifikan akibat terbentuknya produk reaksi pozzolanik yang memperbaiki ikatan pasta semen dan agregat, sekaligus menurunkan nilai porositas. Namun, pada substitusi RHA di atas 15%, kuat tekan mengalami penurunan yang disebabkan oleh kelebihan partikel halus yang tidak bereaksi secara optimal. Nilai permeabilitas cenderung menurun seiring meningkatnya kadar RHA, tetapi masih berada dalam rentang yang memenuhi fungsi beton porous. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, kadar RHA optimum diperoleh pada 15%, karena mampu memberikan keseimbangan antara kinerja mekanik dan karakteristik hidrolik. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat berkontribusi dalam pemanfaatan limbah sekam padi sebagai material konstruksi berkelanjutan serta menjadi acuan dalam perancangan beton porous berkinerja tinggi.

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