Pengaruh Gig Work Challenges terhadap Employee Well-Being Ojek Online: Moderasi Job Engagement

Muhammad Ihsan; Btari Mariska Purwaamijaya; Adam Hermawan

doi:10.31004/riggs.v5i2.11886

Authors

Muhammad Ihsan Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia
Btari Mariska Purwaamijaya Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia
Adam Hermawan Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31004/riggs.v5i2.11886

Keywords:

Gig Work Challenges, Employee Well-Being, Job Engagement, Ojek Online, JD-R Model

Abstract

Pertumbuhan gig economy di Indonesia menempatkan pengemudi ojek online sebagai kelompok pekerja yang rentan terhadap ketidakpastian pendapatan, tuntutan kerja, dan minimnya perlindungan ketenagakerjaan, sehingga kesejahteraan mereka menjadi isu penting untuk dikaji. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh gig work challenges terhadap employee well-being pada pengemudi ojek online di Kota Bandung dengan job engagement sebagai variabel moderasi dalam kerangka Job Demands-Resources (JD-R) Model. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif asosiatif terhadap 200 responden yang dipilih melalui teknik purposive sampling. Variabel penelitian diukur menggunakan Gig Work Challenges Inventory (GWCI), Utrecht Work Engagement Scale versi sembilan item (UWES-9), dan WHO-5 Well-Being Index. Data dianalisis menggunakan Structural Equation Modeling-Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) melalui SmartPLS 4. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa gig work challenges tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap employee well-being (β = -0,015; p = 0,392). Sebaliknya, job engagement berpengaruh positif dan signifikan serta menjadi prediktor dominan employee well-being (β = 0,968; p = 0,000). Job engagement juga terbukti memoderasi hubungan gig work challenges dan employee well-being (β = 0,147; p = 0,000) melalui efek penyangga (buffering). Model penelitian mampu menjelaskan 74,1% variasi employee well-being. Temuan ini menegaskan dominasi jalur motivasional dalam JD-R Model dan menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan keterlibatan kerja dapat menjadi strategi penting bagi platform serta pemerintah untuk mendukung kesejahteraan pekerja gig.

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