Analisis Masjid Agung Al-Akbar Surabaya

Mokhamad Deni Setia Budi; Siti Sujatini; Siti Wardiningsih

doi:10.31004/riggs.v5i2.10858

Authors

Mokhamad Deni Setia Budi Universitas Mpu Tantular
Siti Sujatini Universitas Mpu Tantular
Siti Wardiningsih Universitas Mpu Tantular

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31004/riggs.v5i2.10858

Keywords:

Arsitektur Tropis, Sirkulasi Udara, Masjid Al-Akbar, Zonasi Ruang, Arsitektur Modern-Islam

Abstract

Masjid Nasional Al-Akbar Surabaya merupakan salah satu bangunan keagamaan berskala besar di Indonesia yang memadukan karakter arsitektur Islam modern dengan respons terhadap iklim tropis. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis penerapan strategi desain pasif, organisasi ruang, zonasi fungsi, serta elemen dekoratif yang berkontribusi terhadap kenyamanan termal dan efisiensi penggunaan energi pada bangunan. Penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif melalui observasi arsitektural, dokumentasi kondisi fisik, studi literatur, dan analisis komparatif terhadap prinsip arsitektur masjid modern serta desain berkelanjutan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kenyamanan ruang utama didukung oleh keterpaduan ventilasi silang melalui bukaan yang tersebar, efek cerobong pada ruang berkubah dan berplafon tinggi, pemanfaatan selasar terbuka, penggunaan roster sebagai penyaring cahaya sekaligus jalur udara, serta pemilihan material yang membantu mengendalikan perpindahan panas. Pembagian zona ibadah, sosial, ekonomi, edukasi, dakwah, dan penunjang membentuk hierarki ruang yang jelas sehingga pergerakan jamaah dan aktivitas nonibadah dapat berlangsung secara efektif tanpa mengganggu kesakralan ruang utama. Elemen geometris, atap bertingkat, kubah, menara, kaligrafi, dan material lokal juga memperkuat identitas modern-Islamic architecture sekaligus menjalankan fungsi lingkungan. Dengan demikian, Masjid Nasional Al-Akbar Surabaya memperlihatkan bahwa kualitas estetika, kenyamanan pengguna, identitas keislaman, dan efisiensi energi dapat dibentuk melalui integrasi keputusan desain pasif, tata ruang yang terorganisasi, serta pengelolaan bangunan yang responsif terhadap pola penggunaan.

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