Peran Media Sosial dalam Pembentukan Mindset Pengguna Tiktok dan Instagram : Sebuah Systematic Literature Review

Trifosa Lesnussa; Muliadi Mau; Ismail Guntur

doi:10.31004/riggs.v5i2.10361

Authors

Trifosa Lesnussa Universitas Hasanudin
Muliadi Mau Universitas Hasanudin
Ismail Guntur Universitas Hasanudin

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31004/riggs.v5i2.10361

Keywords:

Media Sosial, Mindset, Tiktok, Instagram, Literasi Digital, Systematic Literature Review

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis peran media sosial dalam pembentukan mindset pengguna, khususnya pada platform TikTok dan Instagram, melalui pendekatan Systematic Literature Review (SLR). Penelitian ini mengkaji artikel ilmiah akses terbuka yang dipublikasikan pada periode 2015–2025 dan diperoleh dari berbagai basis data, seperti Google Scholar, Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ), Frontiers, dan MDPI. Proses seleksi literatur dilakukan berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi yang telah ditetapkan untuk memperoleh artikel yang relevan dengan fokus penelitian. Hasil sintesis menunjukkan bahwa media sosial memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap pembentukan mindset pengguna melalui empat tema utama. Pertama, paparan konten berulang yang membentuk persepsi dan cara individu memahami realitas sosial. Kedua, perbandingan sosial (social comparison) yang memengaruhi evaluasi diri, standar sosial, serta pembentukan identitas pengguna. Ketiga, personalisasi algoritmik yang mendorong terbentuknya filter bubble dan echo chamber sehingga memperkuat keyakinan serta preferensi pengguna secara berulang. Keempat, pengaruh media sosial terhadap gaya hidup dan nilai sosial yang membentuk orientasi hidup, aspirasi, serta cara individu memaknai keberhasilan dan penerimaan sosial. Keempat mekanisme tersebut saling berinteraksi dan membentuk proses yang berkelanjutan dalam memengaruhi cara individu berpikir, memahami diri, serta menafsirkan realitas sosial di era digital. Temuan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa media sosial tidak hanya berfungsi sebagai sarana komunikasi dan hiburan, tetapi juga sebagai agen konstruksi sosial yang berperan dalam pembentukan pola pikir masyarakat modern. Oleh karena itu, peningkatan literasi digital menjadi penting agar pengguna mampu bersikap lebih kritis, selektif, dan reflektif dalam menghadapi arus informasi yang semakin kompleks.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

[1]D. 2024: G. O. Report, “DataReport.”

[2]G. Gerbner, L. Gross, M. Morgan, N. Signorielli, and J. Shanahan, “Media Effects: Advances in Theory and Research (2,” no. January, 2001.

[3]K. Lup, L. Trub, and L. Rosenthal, “and Strangers Followed,” vol. 18, no. 5, pp. 8–10, 2015, doi: 10.1089/cyber.2014.0560.

[4]H. Appel, A. L. Gerlach, and J. Crusius, “the interplay between Facebook use, social comparison, envy, and depression,” vol. 9, pp. 44–49, 2016.

[5]M. Gregory, “InterActions : UCLA Journal of Education and Information Studies,” 2012, doi: 10.5070/D482011835.

[6]M. Cinelli, G. De Francisci, A. Galeazzi, and W. Quattrociocchi, “The echo chamber effect on social media,” 2021, doi: 10.1073/pnas.2023301118/-/DCSupplemental.y.

[7]P. M. Valkenburg, A. Meier, and I. Beyens, “ScienceDirect Social media use and its impact on adolescent mental health : An umbrella review of the evidence,” Curr. Opin. Psychol., vol. 44, no. 4, pp. 58–68, 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2021.08.017.

[8]B. Keles, N. Mccrae, and A. Grealish, “A systematic review : the influence of social media on depression , anxiety and psychological distress in adolescents,” Int. J. Adolesc. Youth, vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 79–93, 2020, doi: 10.1080/02673843.2019.1590851.

[9]E. Bakshy, S. Messing, and L. A. Adamic, “Exposure to ideologically diverse news and opinion on Facebook,” vol. 348, no. 6239, pp. 1130–1133, 2015.

[10]S. M. Croucher, T. Nguyen, and D. Rahmani, “Prejudice Toward Asian Americans in the Covid-19 Pandemic : The Effects of Social Media Use in the United States,” vol. 5, no. June, pp. 1–12, 2020, doi: 10.3389/fcomm.2020.00039.

[11]Y. Cai, S. Kamarudin, and S. Nujaimi, “Willingness to share information on social media : a systematic literature review ( 2020 – 2024 ),” no. June, pp. 1–11, 2025, doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1567506.

[12]H. Avci, L. Baams, and T. Kretschmer, “A Systematic Review of Social Media Use and Adolescent Identity Development,” pp. 219–236, 2025.

[13]P. Verduyn, J. Jonides, and E. Kross, “Do Social Network Sites Enhance or Undermine Subjective Well-Being ? A Critical Review,” vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 274–302, 2017, doi: 10.1111/sipr.12033.

[14]C. Montag, H. Yang, and J. D. Elhai, “On the Psychology of TikTok Use : A First Glimpse From Empirical Findings,” vol. 9, no. March, pp. 1–6, 2021, doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.641673.

[15]V. Pérez-torres, “Social media : a digital social mirror for identity development during adolescence,” pp. 22170–22180, 2024.

[16]M. West and S. Rice, “Adolescent Social Media Use through a Self-Determination Theory Lens : A Systematic Scoping Review,” 2024.

[17]A. Meier, “Does Passive Social Media Use Harm Well-Being ? An Adversarial Review,” 2022.

[18]F. Pedalino and A. Camerini, “Instagram Use and Body Dissatisfaction : The Mediating Role of Upward Social Comparison with Peers and Influencers among Young Females,” 2022.

[19]L. Piccerillo and S. Digennaro, “Adolescent Social Media Use and Emotional Intelligence : A Systematic Review,” Adolesc. Res. Rev., vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 201–218, 2025, doi: 10.1007/s40894-024-00245-z.

[20]T. Gillespie, The Relevance of Algorithms. 2014.

[21]T. Bucher, “If...Then Algorithmic Power and Politics,” p. 216, 2018.

[22]N. Helberger, “On the Democratic Role of News Recommenders On the Democratic Role of News Recommenders,” Digit. Journal., vol. 7, no. 8, pp. 993–1012, 2019, doi: 10.1080/21670811.2019.1623700.

[23]D. Hartmann, S. M. Wang, L. Pohlmann, and S. I. Feb, “A Systematic Review of Echo Chamber Research : Comparative Analysis of Conceptualizations , Operationalizations , and Varying Outcomes,” pp. 1–67.

[24]Q. M. Areeb et al., “Filter bubbles in recommender systems: Fact or fallacy—A systematic review,” Wiley Interdiscip. Rev. Data Min. Knowl. Discov., vol. 13, no. 6, pp. 1–21, 2023, doi: 10.1002/widm.1512.

[25]A. Alsharairi, M. Alazzah, A. Safori, M. Noor, and S. Aladwan, “Leadership communication , employee engagement , and online communication behaviors during crises : evidence from Jordanian universities,” no. December, pp. 1–13, 2025, doi: 10.3389/fcomm.2025.1713290.

[26]UNICEF, THE STATE OF THE WORLD’S CHILDREN 2023 For Every Child , Vaccination. 2023.