Analisis Komparatif Spektrum Frekuensi Karakteristik Sinyal Audio Air Menggunakan Fourier dan Spektrogram

Kenanga Bingah Tara Wardani; Nayla Tazkia Putri; Zaskia Amanda Ahmad; Fifin Dewi Ratnasari

doi:10.31004/riggs.v5i2.10219

Authors

Kenanga Bingah Tara Wardani Universitas Negeri Semarang
Nayla Tazkia Putri Universitas Negeri Semarang
Zaskia Amanda Ahmad Universitas Negeri Semarang
Fifin Dewi Ratnasari Universitas Negeri Semarang

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31004/riggs.v5i2.10219

Keywords:

Analisis Akustik, Hujan, Shower, Pemrosesan Sinyal Audio, Spektrogram

Abstract

Penelitian ini menyajikan analisis komparatif karakteristik akustik sinyal audio dari dua sumber bunyi air yaitu hujan alami (gerimis, hujan sedang, hujan besar) dan shower buatan (shower kecil, shower sedang, shower besar), menggunakan metode pemrosesan sinyal digital berbasis Google Colaboratory (Python). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi parameter unik yang membedakan suara alami dan buatan. Tiga domain analisis diterapkan secara sistematis: (1) domain waktu untuk mengamati amplitudo dan distribusi temporal; (2) Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) untuk mengkaji distribusi energi spektral; dan (3) spektrogram waktu-frekuensi untuk memvisualisasikan dinamika energi sepanjang waktu. Hasil domain waktu menunjukkan korelasi positif antara intensitas sumber air dengan rentang amplitudo dan kerapatan sinyal. Analisis FFT mengungkap bahwa hujan besar memiliki distribusi energi paling merata hingga ±15.000 Hz, sementara gerimis cenderung memusatkan energi di bawah 500 Hz. Fenomena unik ditemukan pada shower besar berupa puncak energi sekunder di sekitar 1.200–1.400 Hz yang diduga berasal dari resonansi mekanis kepala shower. Spektrogram mempertegas temuan FFT melalui representasi dua dimensi waktu-frekuensi. Pada intensitas kecil hingga sedang, profil spektral hujan dan shower hampir identik, sedangkan perbedaan signifikan muncul pada intensitas tertinggi. Temuan ini memberikan kontribusi ilmiah yang penting bagi pengembangan sistem klasifikasi sumber bunyi air otomatis berbasis machine learning dan teknologi penginderaan jauh.

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