Pengaruh Total Quality Management (TQM) terhadap Kinerja Operasional melalui Inovasi sebagai Variabel Mediasi pada IKM Sektor Pangan Tradisional di Kabupaten Minahasa
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.69693/ijmst.v4i3.14373Keywords:
Total Quality Management, Inovasi, Kinerja Operasional, IKM Pangan Tradisional, SEM-PLSAbstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan menguji pengaruh Total Quality Management (TQM) terhadap kinerja operasional serta peran inovasi sebagai variabel mediasi pada Industri Kecil dan Menengah (IKM) pangan tradisional subsektor kerupuk di Kabupaten Minahasa. Meskipun jumlah unit usaha dan tenaga kerja cabang pangan paling besar, kontribusinya terhadap nilai produksi masih lebih rendah dibandingkan cabang industri lain, sedangkan bukti mengenai mekanisme mediasi inovasi pada konteks ini masih terbatas. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif asosiatif dengan data primer dari kuesioner berskala Likert 1–5 yang diisi oleh 81 pemilik atau pengelola IKM yang dipilih melalui purposive sampling. Analisis dilakukan dengan Structural Equation Modeling berbasis Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) menggunakan SmartPLS 4. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa seluruh indikator dan konstruk memenuhi kriteria validitas dan reliabilitas. TQM berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja operasional (β = 0,442; t = 5,130) dan terhadap inovasi (β = 0,643; t = 8,150). Inovasi berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja operasional (β = 0,393; t = 4,683). Pengaruh tidak langsung TQM terhadap kinerja operasional melalui inovasi signifikan (β = 0,253; t = 3,458) sehingga inovasi berperan sebagai mediator parsial. Model menjelaskan 41,3% variasi inovasi dan 57,4% variasi kinerja operasional. Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa penerapan TQM perlu disertai penguatan inovasi produk, proses, dan pemasaran agar peningkatan kinerja operasional IKM pangan tradisional lebih optimal.
References
1. Al Nohoud, O. M., & Awang, Z. (2024). The mediating role of innovation in the relationship between TQM practices and organizational performance in industrial SMEs in Jordan. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 14(7). https://doi.org/10.6007/IJARBSS/v14-i7/22207
2. Anifowose, O. N., Ghasemi, M., & Olaleye, B. R. (2022). Total quality management and small and medium-sized enterprises’ (SMEs) performance: Mediating role of innovation speed. Sustainability, 14(14), 8719. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14148719
3. Atika, P. R. (2024). Pengaruh total quality management (TQM) terhadap kinerja UMKM dengan inovasi sebagai mediasi (studi empiris pada UMKM Kota Serang). Jurnal Riset Akuntansi Tirtayasa, 9(2), 176. https://doi.org/10.35448/jratirtayasa.v9i2.31398
4. Badan Pusat Statistik Kabupaten Minahasa. (2024). Statistik daerah Kabupaten Minahasa 2024. BPS Kabupaten Minahasa. https://minahasakab.bps.go.id
5. Bytyçi, I., Qerimi, A., & Qerimi, F. (2023). The impact of total quality management on operational performance. Journal of Governance & Regulation, 12(1), 171–184. https://doi.org/10.22495/jgrv12i1art16
6. D’Oria, L., Crook, T. R., Ketchen, D. J., Sirmon, D. G., & Wright, M. (2021). The evolution of resource-based inquiry: A review and meta-analytic integration of the strategic resources–actions–performance pathway. Journal of Management, 47(6), 1383–1429. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206321994182
7. Dinku, A. E., Singh, M., & Singh, S. (2024). Effect of human capital on the performance of small and medium enterprises: A mediating role of innovation practice in Ethiopia. Cogent Business & Management, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2024.2434729
8. García-Fernández, M., Claver-Cortés, E., & Tarí, J. J. (2022). Relationships between quality management, innovation and performance: A literature systematic review. European Research on Management and Business Economics, 28(1), 100172. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.IEDEEN.2021.100172
9. Goetsch, D. L., & Davis, S. B. (2016). Quality management for organizational excellence: Introduction to total quality (8th ed.). Pearson.
10. Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2022). A primer on partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) (3rd ed.). SAGE Publications.
11. Hakim, M. L., Daud, M. Y., & Djohar, N. (2025). Readiness for total quality management implementation and its association with product quality and production efficiency: A case study of Raja Rasa traditional snack MSME. Agrinika: Jurnal Agroteknologi dan Agribisnis, 10(1). https://doi.org/10.30737/agrinika.v10i1.7386
12. Heizer, J., Render, B., & Munson, C. (2023). Operations management: Sustainability and supply chain management (14th ed.). Pearson.
13. Helfat, C. E., Martin, J. A., Mitchell, W., Peteraf, M. A., Singh, H., Teece, D. J., & Winter, S. G. (2023). Renewing the resource-based view: New contexts, new concepts, and new methods. Strategic Management Journal, 44(6), 1357–1390. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.3500
14. Isa, M., Nurohman, Y. A., & Qurniawati, R. S. (2024). Innovation capabilities and performance of small and medium-sized enterprises in Indonesia. South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences, 27(1). https://doi.org/10.4102/sajems.v27i1.5942
15. Istifarin, R. A., Maflahah, I., & Mojiono. (2024). Application of statistical quality control in quality control of puli crackers in SME Kerupuk Puli Fitri. Edufortech, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.17509/edufortech.v9i1.64081
16. Kementerian Perindustrian RI. (2025). GEMA Industri Kecil Menengah Edisi 87. Kementerian Perindustrian Republik Indonesia.
17. Kero, C. A., & Bogale, A. T. (2023). A systematic review of resource-based view and dynamic capabilities of firms and future research avenues. International Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning, 18(10), 3137–3154. https://doi.org/10.18280/ijsdp.181016
18. Khalfallah, M., Ben Salem, A., Zorgati, H., & Lakhal, L. (2022). Innovation mediating relationship between TQM and performance: Cases of industrial certified companies. The TQM Journal, 34(3), 552–575. https://doi.org/10.1108/TQM-01-2021-0019
19. Libaihaqy, & Isfianadewi, D. (2023). Pengaruh total quality management terhadap kinerja usaha kecil dan menengah dengan kecepatan proses inovasi sebagai mediasi (studi kasus UKM penatu (laundry) di Yogyakarta). Indonesian Journal of Economics, Business, Accounting, and Management (IJEBAM), 1(3), 54–70. https://doi.org/10.63901/ijebam.v1i3.15
20. Mahyuddin, Nofri, O., & Ahmad, S. W. (2025). The influence of total quality management (TQM) on operational performance mediated by innovation: Study on MSMEs under the guidance of the MSME incubator in Makassar City. International Journal of Education Management and Religion, 3(1), 376–389. https://doi.org/10.71305/ijemr.v3i1.1171
21. Mittal, A., Gupta, P., Kumar, V., Antony, J., Cudney, E. A., & Furterer, S. L. (2023). TQM practices and their impact on organisational performance: The case of India’s Deming-Award industries. Total Quality Management & Business Excellence, 34(11–12), 1410–1437. https://doi.org/10.1080/14783363.2023.2177148
22. Naufal, A. R. (2022). Pengaruh total quality management terhadap organizational performance melalui inovasi sebagai variabel mediasi (studi kasus sentra UMKM bakpia Yogyakarta). Indonesian Journal of Economics, Business, Accounting, and Management (IJEBAM), 1(2), 16–27. https://doi.org/10.63901/ijebam.v1i2.8
23. OECD/Eurostat. (2018). Oslo manual 2018: Guidelines for collecting, reporting and using data on innovation (4th ed.). OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264304604-en
24. Pamantung, R. P., Mantau, M., Sahetapy, J. F., & Manangkot, V. E. (2021). Abstraction of Minahasan folklore in food tradition. Linguistics and Culture Review, 5(S2), 1172–1183. https://doi.org/10.21744/lingcure.v5nS2.1726
25. Putra, I. G. M. P. (2025). Entrepreneurial orientation and total quality management as determinants of SME performance: Evidence from the mediating effect of open innovation. Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pengajaran Ilmu Sosial Humaniora (JPPSH), 9(3). https://doi.org/10.23887/jppsh.v9i3.110693
26. Rafida, J., Kusmantini, T., & Sabihaini, S. (2024). The influence of total quality management, product innovation and process innovation on the performance of recycling-based SMEs in Sleman Regency. Journal of Business Innovation and Research, 3(1), 23–34. https://doi.org/10.31315/jubir.v3i1.12058
27. Utami, A. S. A., Purwohedi, U., & Prihatni, R. (2024). Analysis of the effect of total quality management on organizational performance in small and medium enterprises with innovation process speed as a mediating variable in SMEs in the culinary sector in Bogor City. Journal of World Science, 3(8), 933–952. https://doi.org/10.58344/jws.v3i8.706
28. Wijaya, R., Lukman, S., & Rivai, H. A. (2024). Dampak inovasi dan total quality management (TQM) terhadap kinerja operasional melalui kompetisi di perusahaan XXX. Jurnal Akuntansi dan Manajemen Keuangan, 5(3), 499–507. https://doi.org/10.38035/jafm.v5i3.719
29. Zehir, S., & Zehir, C. (2023). Effects of total quality management practices on financial and operational performance of hospitals. Sustainability, 15(21), 15430. https://doi.org/10.3390/su152115430
30. Zuhroh, D., Jermias, J., Ratnasari, S. L., Sriyono, Nurjanah, E., & Fahlevi, M. (2025). The impact of sharing economy platforms, management accounting systems, and demographic factors on financial performance: Exploring the role of formal and informal education in MSMEs. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 11(1), 100447. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joitmc.2025.100447
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Indonesian Journal of Multidisciplinary on Social and Technology
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
