Hubungan Chrononutrition, Fat-Free Mass, dan Tingkat Konsumsi dengan VO₂Max Atlet Sepak Bola Remaja
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.69693/ijmst.v4i3.14116Keywords:
VO₂Max, Chrononutrition, Sepak Bola, Tingkat Konsumsi, Fat-Free MassAbstract
Performa aerobik merupakan komponen penting dalam menunjang prestasi atlet sepak bola, khususnya pada usia remaja yang berada dalam fase pertumbuhan dan perkembangan. Kapasitas aerobik dapat dinilai melalui VO₂max, yang menggambarkan kemampuan tubuh menggunakan oksigen selama aktivitas fisik. Faktor yang berkaitan dengan performa aerobik meliputi komposisi tubuh, asupan zat gizi, dan waktu makan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui hubungan chrononutrition, fat-free mass, dan tingkat konsumsi energi serta zat gizi makro dengan performa aerobik pada atlet sepak bola remaja. Penelitian menggunakan desain cross-sectional dengan melibatkan 60 atlet sepak bola Akademi PERSIB Bandung berusia 17–18 tahun yang dipilih melalui total sampling. Data komposisi tubuh diperoleh menggunakan Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA), asupan makanan melalui food recall 2×24 jam, sedangkan performa aerobik dinilai berdasarkan VO₂max dari tes Yo-Yo. Analisis bivariat menggunakan Fisher’s Exact Test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa fat-free mass memiliki hubungan signifikan dengan VO₂max (p = 0,000). Sebaliknya, tingkat konsumsi energi (p = 0,125), protein (p = 0,125), lemak (p = 0,712), dan karbohidrat (p = 0,392) tidak menunjukkan hubungan signifikan. Variabel chrononutrition, yaitu eating window (p = 0,488), breakfast skipping (p = 0,422), evening latency (p = 0,462), dan largest meal (p = 1,000), juga tidak menunjukkan hubungan signifikan dengan VO₂max. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa fat-free mass berperan lebih dominan terhadap kapasitas aerobik atlet dibandingkan tingkat konsumsi dan waktu makan. Hasil ini menjadi dasar pengembangan strategi pembinaan komposisi tubuh dan pemenuhan gizi atlet remaja.
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