Optimization of Temperature, Asbuton Feed Mass, and FeNi/TiO₂ Catalyst Mass for Asbuton Pyrolysis Using a Green Nanocatalyst

Riny Yolandha Parapat; Elsa Tenrilawa Nasution; Lastri Meiwiyanti; Muthi Hannindyah; Michael Schwarze

doi:10.69693/ijmst.v4i3.13788

Authors

Riny Yolandha Parapat Institut Teknologi Nasional Bandung
Elsa Tenrilawa Nasution Institut Teknologi Nasional Bandung
Lastri Meiwiyanti Institut Teknologi Nasional Bandung
Muthi Hannindyah Institut Teknologi Nasional Bandung
Michael Schwarze Technische Chemie, TU-Berlin, Germany

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.69693/ijmst.v4i3.13788

Keywords:

Asbuton, Optimization, Pyrolysis, FeNi/TiO₂, Response Surface Methodology

Abstract

Asbuton (Buton asphalt) is an Indonesian natural resource containing bitumen with potential for conversion into alternative liquid fuel through pyrolysis. This study investigated the effects of pyrolysis temperature, Asbuton feed mass, and FeNi/TiO₂ green nanocatalyst mass on oil yield and determined the optimum operating conditions. Experiments were performed in a laboratory-scale pyrolysis reactor using a Central Composite Design (CCD), while the experimental data were analyzed using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The process variables were temperature, Asbuton–acetone mixture mass, and FeNi/TiO₂ catalyst mass, with oil yield as the main response. The experimental oil yield ranged from 14.79% to 45.17%, with temperature identified as the most influential factor, followed by catalyst mass and Asbuton mass. The interactions between temperature and Asbuton mass and between Asbuton mass and catalyst mass were also statistically significant. The analysis indicated that the optimum conditions were a temperature of 360 °C, Asbuton–acetone mass of 30 g, and FeNi/TiO₂ catalyst mass of 1.6014 g, resulting in a predicted oil yield of 56.5786%. Experimental validation under these conditions produced an oil yield of 56.7706%, corresponding to a percentage error of only 0.34%. These results demonstrate that CCD and RSM can effectively determine suitable operating conditions and improve oil yield from Asbuton pyrolysis using FeNi/TiO₂ green nanocatalyst, supporting the development of Asbuton utilization as an alternative hydrocarbon resource.

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