Tata Kelola Kebijakan Pascatambang di Kalimantan Timur: Analisis Kualitatif atas Tantangan Kelembagaan dalam Reklamasi dan Keberlanjutan Pascatambang

Authors

  • Eddy Iskandar Universitas Mulawarman

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.69693/ijmst.v3i2.11957

Keywords:

oligarki, kebijakan publik, tata kelola, pemerintahan daerah, demokratisasi, dinasti politik

Abstract

Penguatan desentralisasi di Indonesia belum sepenuhnya mampu mewujudkan tata kelola pemerintahan daerah yang demokratis karena masih dihadapkan pada menguatnya konfigurasi kekuasaan oligarkis yang memengaruhi proses perumusan dan implementasi kebijakan publik. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis mekanisme reproduksi oligarki dalam tata kelola pemerintahan daerah serta menjelaskan implikasinya terhadap demokratisasi kebijakan publik di Indonesia. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan analisis dokumen kualitatif (qualitative document analysis) dengan menelaah secara sistematis literatur akademik, peraturan perundang-undangan, serta Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 33/PUU-XIII/2015 yang berkaitan dengan desentralisasi, pemilihan kepala daerah, dan ekonomi politik lokal. Analisis dilakukan melalui pengodean tematik untuk mengidentifikasi pola-pola yang berulang dalam berbagai sumber data. Hasil penelitian mengidentifikasi tiga mekanisme utama reproduksi oligarki, yaitu penguasaan sumber daya ekonomi lokal, dominasi rekrutmen politik melalui partai, dan instrumentalisasi kebijakan serta anggaran daerah, yang diperkuat oleh konfigurasi kelembagaan dan regulasi yang belum mampu membatasi konsentrasi kekuasaan elite. Kajian komparatif juga menunjukkan bahwa penangkapan elite, patronase, dan lemahnya mekanisme akuntabilitas merupakan tantangan yang berulang pada berbagai sistem pemerintahan lokal di negara demokrasi transisi maupun demokrasi yang telah terkonsolidasi. Penelitian ini memberikan implikasi bahwa penguatan mekanisme akuntabilitas horizontal, reformasi rekrutmen politik, peningkatan transparansi pemerintahan, serta pemberdayaan masyarakat sipil merupakan prasyarat penting untuk memperdalam demokratisasi tata kelola pemerintahan daerah dan memastikan kebijakan publik lebih berorientasi pada kepentingan masyarakat.

References

Adu-Baffour, F., Daum, T., Obeng, E. A., Bosch, C., & Birner, R. (2025). Who cleans up the mess? Exploring community-based solutions for rehabilitating Ghana’s artisanal and small-scale mining lands. Environmental Development, 55, 101239. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envdev.2025.101239

Devrath, S. C., Nag, A., & Pareek, S. (2025). Transforming Mining Regions through Sustainable Redevelopment with Urban Voids and Underground Housing. Journal of Mining and Environment, 16(4), 1319–1342. https://doi.org/10.22044/jme.2025.15649.3005

Gawęda, A., Chmiela, A., Magdziarczyk, M., Malcherczyk, E., & Smoliński, A. (2025). Energy procurement management in innovative energy self-sufficiency projects on post-mining sites. Energy Sources, Part B: Economics, Planning and Policy, 20(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/15567249.2025.2457434

Handayani, N., Humaira, H., Firnando, J., Suhendra, A., & Malik, D. (2024). Model Kirkpatrick Sebagai Metode Mengukur Hasil Pelatihan Responsibility Dalam Berorganisas. Plakat: Jurnal Pelayanan Kepada Masyarakat, 6(1), 51–72.

Hutniczak, A. K., Bryś, W., Dychkovskyi, R., Gaj, R., Dyczko, A., Błońska, A., Bierza, K., Bacler-Żbikowska, B., & Woźniak, G. (2025). Identifying and understanding novel ecosystem functions: a scientific approach to nature restoration law. Journal of Water and Land Development, (64), 203–210. https://doi.org/10.24425/jwld.2025.153532

I. Adriansyah, M., A., H. S., Margono, H., Hardiansyah, J., Firnando, J., & Sennang. (2026). Proactive Personality, Psychological Capital, and Work Readiness among Prospective Teacher Students: A PLS-SEM Mediation Study. The International Journal of Body, Mind and Culture (IJBMC), 13(6), 1–10.

Ignacy, D. (2025a). Refining zoning of artificially-drained mine subsidence areas: Relative elevation models and hydrological hazard frameworks as decision support tools for spatial planning and mitigation of flood-related geohazards and risks regardless of prevailing water regimes. Resources Policy, 103, 105572. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resourpol.2025.105572

Ignacy, D. (2025b). The hydrological hazard in artificially-drained mining and post-mining areas – A significant environmental aspect requiring systemic management. Water Resources and Industry, 33, 100275. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wri.2024.100275

Lee, D.-H., Kim, H., & Kim, S.-M. (2025). Assessment of post-mining utilization potential using GIS and AHP: A comparative study of the United States and South Korea. Applied Sciences, 15(23), 12652. https://doi.org/10.3390/app152312652

Lington, R., & Syauqiah, I. (2025). Environmental and social governance of post-coal mining in rural Indonesia. Environment and Ecology Research, 13(5), 716–725. https://doi.org/10.13189/eer.2025.130510

Makili, S. T., & Westrin, P. (2025). How do we ensure more sustainable closure of mines? Experiences from mine closure frameworks, committees and capacity building in Namibia. In S. Knutsson, A. B. Fourie, & M. Tibbet (Eds.), Proceedings of the International Conference on Mine Closure. Australian Centre for Geomechanics. https://doi.org/10.36487/ACG_repo/2515_22

Marais, L. (2025). Planning for post-mining economies: Misconceptions and opportunities. Journal of the Southern African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, 125(4), 217–224. https://doi.org/10.17159/2411-9717/MC22/2025

Narendra, B. H., Siregar, C. A., Mulyanto, B., Suryaningtyas, D. T., Dharmawan, I. W. S., Suharti, S., & Marsandi, F. (2025). Tin mining and post-tin mining reclamation initiatives in Indonesia: With special reference to Bangka Belitung areas. Land, 14(10), 1947. https://doi.org/10.3390/land14101947

Pambudi, P. A., Utomo, S. W., & Handoko, R. S. (2025). Coal mining reclamation: Lessons learned from tropical and subtropical countries. Journal of Environmental Science and Sustainable Development, 8(1), 148–184. https://doi.org/10.7454/jessd.v8i1.1299

Piech, M., & Sobczyk, W. (2025). Energy Transformation in Poland and Vietnam: Challenges and Opportunities for Integrating Renewable Energy in Coal Dependent Countries. Inzynieria Mineralna, 1(2), 975–984. https://doi.org/10.29227/IM-2025-02-83

Ruchkys, Ú. D. A., Cerqueira, E. V, Alvarenga, L. J., & de Azevedo, D. T. (2025). Post-extraction governance and the making of mining heritage: Institutional pathways for quarry requalification in France and Brazil. Extractive Industries and Society, 24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exis.2025.101731

Saputra, R., Hanum, W. N., & Gunawan, V. A. (2025). Post-mining land use regulations and practices in the United States of America: Lesson for Indonesia. Journal of Law, Environmental and Justice, 3(1), 104–133. https://doi.org/10.62264/jlej.v3i1.118

Siahaan, J. R., Pagalung, G., Demmallino, E. B., Saleng, A., Sulaiman, A. A., & Nagu, N. (2025). Reframing sustainability in post-mining landscapes: A foundational framework for institutional and behavioral integration in Indonesia. Sustainability, 17(12), 5278. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17125278

Silvan Erusani, A. (2025). Towards a sustainable future: Managing the post-bauxite mining environmental impact for sustainable development. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 1557(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1557/1/012021

Simpson, G. B., Ferguson, K., Slingerland, N., Jewitt, G. P. W., Alekseenko, A. V, Simpson, Z. Z., Ennis-John, J., Hattingh, R., & Stock, K. (2025). Integrating the sustainable development goals into post-mining land use selection. Scientific Reports, 15(1). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-15980-z

Sonda, S., Alqadri, D., Reumy, L. J. I. R., Bym, E. R., & Fahd, A. (2025). Legal certainty on the implementation of post mining land reclamation of unlicensed coal mining as an effort to preserve the environment in Indonesia. Journal of Law and Legal Reform, 6(2), 511–548. https://doi.org/10.15294/jllr.v6i2.19112

Suyanto, B., & Mas’udah, S. (2025). Post-mining livelihood transitions and agroecological adaptation: A study of tin communities in Bangka Belitung, Indonesia. Development in Practice. https://doi.org/10.1080/09614524.2025.2607620

Van de Loo, K. (2025). Post-Mining and German Economic Policy. Mining Report, 161(6), 502–521. https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105029341805?origin=resultslist

Wang, K., Zhou, J., Yang, R., Xu, S., Hu, Z., & Xiao, W. (2025). Deploying photovoltaic systems in global open-pit mines for a clean energy transition. Nature Sustainability, 8(9), 1037–1047. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41893-025-01594-w

Winata, D. G., Mulyanto, B., & Suryaningtyas, D. T. (2025). Exploring land cover dynamics: Open mining activities footprint in Central Bangka District, Indonesia. Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management, 12(4), 8051–8063. https://doi.org/10.15243/jdmlm.2025.124.8051

Wyrzykowska, A., & Janiszek, M. (2025). Models of post-mining land reuse in Poland. Sustainability, 17(20), 9069. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17209069

Yang, Y., Chen, X., Zhang, Y., Cao, Y., & Jin, D. (2025). Multi-Scenario Simulation of Land Use Transition in a Post-Mining City Based on the GeoSOS-FLUS Model: A Case Study of Xuzhou, China. Land, 14(12). https://doi.org/10.3390/land14122442

Zahry, S. V, Aipassa, M. I., Sardjono, M. A., Kristiningrum, R., Siahaya, M. E., & Sarwono, E. (2025). Sustainable post mining land reclamation and community perceptions: Socio-economic insights from the new capital city of Indonesia. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 1562(1), 012010. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1562/1/012010

Downloads

Published

21-07-2026

How to Cite

Iskandar, E. (2026). Tata Kelola Kebijakan Pascatambang di Kalimantan Timur: Analisis Kualitatif atas Tantangan Kelembagaan dalam Reklamasi dan Keberlanjutan Pascatambang. Indonesian Journal of Multidisciplinary on Social and Technology, 3(2), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.69693/ijmst.v3i2.11957